Question

distinguish between ... umbra and penumbra

Answer 1

Umbra-region of total darkness where no light enter .
Penumbra-region of total darkness where partial light enter

Answer 2

The umbra (Latin for "shadow") is the innermost and darkest part of a shadow, where the light source is completely blocked by the occluding body. An observer in the umbra experiences a total eclipse. The umbra of a round body occluding a round light source forms a right circular cone; to a viewer at the cone's apex, the two bodies are equal in apparent size. The distance from the Moon to the apex of its umbra is roughly equal to that between the Moon and Earth. Because the Earth is 3.70 times wider than the Moon, its umbra extends correspondingly farther, roughly 1.4 million kilometers.[1]

PenumbraEdit

"Penumbra" redirects here. For other uses, see Penumbra (disambiguation).

The penumbra (from the Latin paene "almost, nearly") is the region in which only a portion of the light source is obscured by the occluding body. An observer in the penumbra experiences a partial eclipse. An alternative definition is that the penumbra is the region where some or all of the light source is obscured (i.e., the umbra is a subset of the penumbra). For example, NASA's Navigation and Ancillary Information Facility defines that a body in the umbra is also within the penumbra.[2]

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