Question

Distinguish between vongogene and c ongogene

Answer 1

ells divide by mitosis and meiosis. Gametes are formed by meiosis, and somatic cells are produced by mitosis. The cell cycle is a highly regulated process which results in new cells or daughter cells from the mature cells. Different types of regulatory proteins are involved in the cell cycle. These proteins (cell cycle regulators) are coded by genes called proto-oncogenes. Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that code for positive cell cycle regulators. Trillions of living cells produce, divide and die in a regulated manner in living organisms. All these events are performed perfectly by the proteins synthesized by proto-oncogenes. Hence, proto-oncogenes are extremely important genes in living cells. However, proto oncogenes can be changed due to mutations resulting in cancerous genes called oncogenes. A change in the DNA sequence of the proto-oncogene results in an oncogene. Oncogenes are encoded for different proteins which are responsible for uncontrollable cell division.The ultimate result of the uncontrolled cell division is the formation of a cancer. The key difference between oncogenes and proto oncogenes is that oncogenes are mutated or defective versions of proto oncogeneswhile proto oncogenes are normal genes which regulate cell division of living cells.