Distribution law, its limitations and applications
Answers
Answer:Distribution law or the Nernst's distribution law gives a generalisation which governs the distribution of a solute between two non miscible solvents.This law was first given by Nernst who studied the distribution of several solutes between different appropriate pairs of solvents.
"If a solute X distributes itself between two non miscible solvents A & B at constant temperature & X is in the same molecular condition in both the solvents, then: concentration of X in A / Concentration of X in B = Kd".
Where Kd is called the distribution coefficient or the partition coefficient. If C1 denotes the concentration of solute in solvent A & C2, the concentration of X in B; Nernst’s distribution law can be expressed as C1/C2 = Kd.
Applications of Nernst’s Distribution law:
1) solvent extraction;
2) partition chromatography;
3) release of drug from dosage forms;
4) passage of drug through membranes;
5) preservation of emulsions and creams;
6) formation of solubilized system.
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