diversity in living World class 11th
Answers
Explanation:
Our planet is gifted with numerous living organisms, which vary in their size, shape, habitat, nutrition, reproduction and a lot more. Based on their physical features and their habitat, these animals of Kingdom Animale are classified into different order and class.
Animals living in different environments, including the water, land, deserts, forests, grasslands, ice land and water and ice to deserts and forests and grasslands. All these organisms consist of something called cells.
Cells are the building blocks of life and one of the most important characteristics of living organisms. They are structural units of life carrying out specifically assigned functions. A group of such cells form a tissue.
Diversity in living organisms can be experienced everywhere on earth. The warm and humid regions of the earth are highly diverse and are called the region of mega biodiversity. 12 countries in the world have more than half of the biodiversity in the world. India is one of them.
Each individual has a unique DNA set up. We differ amongst human beings in the way we look and different attributes contributing to it such as our height, complexion etc. If we compare ourselves with a different species like a horse or a fish, we would definitely vary greatly in almost all aspects but if a horse is compared to a zebra, we would be able to draw a few differences only.
Classification
The arrangement of the organisms in groups on the basis of their similarities and differences is known as classification.
Basis Of Classification
Over millions of years, we have seen diversity in living beings. We have evolved from ape-like beings to homo sapiens. We look for similarities between organisms so that we can classify them into classes and hence study them as a whole, for this, fundamental characteristics need to be decided which would form the foundation for classifying.
Classification can be carried out based on many factors such as:
Presence of nucleus
Body design – make up of cells(Single-celled or Multicellular organisms)
Production of food
Level of the organization in bodies of organisms carrying out photosynthesis
In animals – an organization of one’s body parts, development of body, specialized organs for different functions
These features can differ in both plants and animals as they differ in their body design. Hence, these prominent designs and characteristic features can be used to make subgroups and not aa broad classification.
Classification System
The classification system is of two types:
Two-Kingdom Classification- This system was proposed by Carolus Linnaeus who classified organisms into two types- plants and animals.
Five-Kingdom Classification- This kingdom was proposed by H.Whittaker who divided the organisms into five different classes:
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
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