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: Divide each output force by the input force to find the ratio. Fill in the last column. How does the ratio of output force to input force compare to the efficiency of the pulley?

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Pueblo West High SchoolSCIENCESCIENCE 2202They illustrate the conservation of energy in the fact that for every time that

They illustrate the conservation of energy in the

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They illustrate the conservation of energyin the fact that for every time that the amount of the pulley increases, more energy will beconserved as a result.

Extension:Friction andefficiencyGet the Gizmo ready:Select1 fixedpulley, and set theWeightto 40 N.Select theStandard pulleys (5 N).You will need a calculator for this activity.Introduction:So far you have studied “ideal” pulley systems. In the real world,frictionreducesthe advantage of any pulley system.Efficiencyis a measure of how much friction is present.Question: How does friction affect the mechanical advantage of a pulley system?1.Observe: Use the fixed pulley to lift the 40-N load. Vary the efficiency of the pulley. How does the efficiency of the pulley affect how much force is needed to lift the 40-N load?2.Gather data: Use the1 fixedpulley to lift the 40-N load at the following efficiencies. In eachcase, record the input force and output force shown at bottom right.EfficiencyLoad (N)Input force (N)Output force (N)Ratio (Output ÷ Input)100%40.0 N4141175%40.0 N5340.51.367%40.0 N6140.91.550%40.0 N8140.523.Calculate: Divide each output force by the input force to find the ratio. Fill in the last column. How does the ratio of output force to input force compare to the efficiency of the pulley?4.Make a rule: Given the input force and output force of a fixed pulley, how do you calculate efficiency? You calculate the efficiency by dividing.5.Challenge yourself: An ideal system with one fixed and one moveable pulley has amechanical advantage of two. Suppose a real system with one fixed and one moveablepulley had an efficiency of 80%. (Recall that a standard pulley has a weight of 5 newtons.)A.Using this system, how much force will be needed to lift a 45-N load?45NB.Check your answer using the Gizmo. How much force was needed?31NC.Modify your efficiency equation from #4 above to factor in mechanical advantage.2

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