dividide this in long method 782 ÷3406392
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Answer:
Answer:
INERT PAIR EFFECT :
*This is a peculiar effect characterised by non-sharing of the valence electrons (i.e. inability of the valence electrons from "s" shells of the lower groups to take part in bonding).
*Usually occurs in lower periods of group 11, 12 and 13, due to poor shielding effect on the ns² electrons by the inner "d" and "f" orbitals.
*Example: Tin, Lead and Bismuth shows this effect resulting in lower oxidation states.
HYDRATION ENTHALPY:
*Hydration enthalpy is the amount of energy released upon hydration (surrounded by water molecules) of 1 mole of a compound.
*In other words, it is an index of stability of a compound. Higher the hydration enthalpy, higher will be the energy released and more will be the stability.
ATOMISATION ENTHALPY:
*This is the energy required to break down all the components of a compound into individual elements.
Since, heat has to supplied, value of ∆H_(at) will be positive.
LANTHANIDE CONTRACTION:
*The steady decrease in the atomic/ionic radii of the elements of LANTHANIDE series staring from Lanthanum is called Lathanide Contraction.
*As we move from left to right in that period, valence electrons start to experience imperfect shielding effect of 4f orbital.
*As a result, the nucleus pulls the valence electrons with greater force and reduces the atomic radii.
ACTINIDE CONTRACTION:
*The steady decrease in the +3 oxidation state of the ACTINIDE series of elements with increase in atomic number is called ACTINIDE CONTRACTION.
*The main cause of ACTINIDE CONTRACTION is inadequate shielding by 5f electrons.
Answer:
782÷3406392 = 4,356 I hope you help ful