do as comparative study of various sources of water available in India(bar graph representation). Mention the various schemes launched by government of India,from time to time for purpose of clean and sufficient water supply.
Answers
Drinking water supply and sanitation in India continue to be inadequate, despite longstanding efforts by the various levels of government and communities at improving coverage. The level of investment in water and sanitation, albeit low by international standards, has increased in size during the 2000s.For example, in 1980 rural sanitation coverage was estimated at 1% and reached 21% in 2008. Also, the share of Indians with access to improved sources of water has increased significantly from 72% in 1990 to 88% in 2008. At the same time, local government institutions in charge of operating and maintaining the infrastructure are seen as weak and lack the financial resources to carry out their functions. In addition, only two Indian cities have continuous water supply and according to an estimate from 2008 about 69% of Indians still lack access to improved sanitation facilities.[9] A study by Water Aid estimated as many as 157 million Indian or 41 percent of Indians living in urban areas, live without adequate sanitation. India comes top for having the greatest number of urbanites living without sanitation. India tops urban sanitation crisis, has the largest amount of urban dwellers without sanitation and the most open de fecators over 41 million people.
A number of innovative approaches to improve water supply and sanitation have been tested in India, in particular in the early 2000s. These include demand-driven approaches in rural water supply since 1999, community-led total sanitation, a public-private partnerships to improve the continuity of urban water supply in Karnataka, and the use of micro credits for water supply and sanitation in order to improve access to water and sanitation.
1. Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna (PMJDY)
2. Sukanya Samriddhi Yojna (SSY)
3. Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojna (PMJJBY)
4. Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY):
5.National Social Assistance scheme
6.. Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana
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Currently, India started to feel the heat of water scarcity except one single state, Kerala. When talking about the water sources of India it has become mandatory to known the water sources of Kerala.
The total run of Kerala rivers is about five percentage of India’s total water potential.
Kerala is a land with nearly 44 rivers running through it. Other than 44 rivers, Kerala has nearly 27 backwater bodies, seven lagoons, more than 18000 ponds and more than 30 lakh wells.
Here, out of the twenty seven backwater bodies two has fresh water sources.
Out of the 44 rivers, 11 rivers are known to run over 100km in the state.
Apart from the rivers, ponds and lakes horizontal wells(Surangams) are considered as the important water source of Kerala.
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