Question

do pottasium form a cation or an anion? give reason!

Answer 1

The alkali metals (the IA elements) lose a single electron to form a cationwith a 1+ charge. The alkaline earth metals (IIA elements) lose two electrons to form a 2+cation. ... And all of themform an anion with a single negative charge. The VIA elements gain two electrons to form anionswith a 2- charge.
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Answer 2

Potassium forms a cation because it gives an electron due to an extra e- in its valence shell.

Electronic configuration of Potassium = 2, 8,8,1

So, in outermost shell, there is an extra electron. So, potassium has a tendency to donate a electron.

Hence, it will form a cation.