Question

Does the force between two parallel current carrying wires depends on the medium. Justify

Answer 1

The force is magnetic. The current in each wire generates a magnetic field around wach wire. These magnetic fields add as vectors in the region where they overlap. The magnetic field lines can be thought of as behavind intwo ways 1) They are ‘eleastic’ and try to shorten like an eleastic band. 2) They repel each other sideways - this means that there is a limit to how much they can shorten.

You can see the result of the two fields adding here:

With the currents in the same direction, the field between the wires largely cancels out. There are few field lines to repel sideways so the shortening tendency tends to pull the wires together.

With currents opposed, the fieeld is greater beween the wires and the lines of force repel each other sideways.





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