does the universe keep growing continuosly? what if it stops growing?
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1. In absence of dark energy, a flat universe expands forever but at a continually decelerating rate, with expansion asymptotically approaching zero. With dark energy, the expansion rate of the universe initially slows down, due to the effect of gravity, but eventually increases.
2. If the Universe stops expanding, then its either contracts or it stays the same. For now, scientists theorize that its because of gravity that the expansion rate of the Universe is slowing down. If its true then the obvious conclusion is the Big Crunch where everything gets concentrated, eventually to a single point.
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Don't panic, but our planet is doomed. It's just going to take a while. Roughly 6 billion years from now, the Earth will probably be vaporized when the dying Sun expands into a red giant and engulfs our planet.
But the Earth is just one planet in the solar system, the Sun is just one of hundreds of billions of stars in the galaxy, and there are hundreds of billions of galaxies in the observable universe. What's in store for all of that? How does the universe end?
The science is much less settled on how that will happen. We're not even sure if the universe will come to a firm, defined end, or just slowly tail off. Our best understanding of physics suggests there are several options for the universal apocalypse. It also offers some hints on how we might, just maybe, survive it.
Our universe has been expanding since it began (Credit: Chris Butler/SPL)
Our universe has been expanding since it began (Credit: Chris Butler/SPL)
Our first clue to the end of the universe comes from thermodynamics, the study of heat. Thermodynamics is the wild-eyed street preacher of physics, bearing a cardboard placard with a simple warning: "THE HEAT DEATH IS COMING".
The heat death is far worse than being burnt to a crisp
Despite the name, the heat death of the universe isn't a fiery inferno. Instead, it's the death of all differences in heat.
This may not sound scary, but the heat death is far worse than being burnt to a crisp. That's because nearly everything in everyday life requires some kind of temperature difference, either directly or indirectly.
For instance, your car runs because it's hotter inside its engine than outside. Your computer runs on electricity from the local power plant, which probably works by heating water and using that to power a turbine. And you run on food, which exists thanks to the enormous temperature difference between the Sun and the rest of the universe
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