don't answer if u don't know answer
Answers
a single bond is a chemical bond between two atoms involving two Valence electrons.
two pairs of electrons are shared between the atom rather than just one pair is double covalent bonds
it is a chemical bond between two atoms involving six bonding electrons instead of the usual two in a covalent single bond
Answer:
Types of Covalent Bonds
Depending upon the number of shared electron pairs, the covalent bond can be classified into:
Single Covalent Bond
Double Covalent Bond
Triple Covalent Bond
Single Bonds
A single bond is formed when only one pair of the electron is shared between the two participating atoms. It is represented by one dash (-). Although this form of covalent bond has a smaller density and is weaker than a double and triple bond, it is the most stable.
For Example, HCL molecule has one Hydrogen atom with one valence electron and one Chlorine atom with seven valence electrons. In this case, a single bond is formed between hydrogen and chlorine by sharing one electron.
Single Covalent Bond - HCl Molecule
Double Bonds
A double bond is formed when two pairs of electrons are shared between the two participating atoms. It is represented by two dashes (=). Double covalent bonds are much stronger than a single bond, but they are less stable.
Example: Carbon dioxide molecule has one carbon atom with six valence electrons and two oxygen atom with four valence electrons.
To complete its octet, carbon shares two of its valence electrons with one oxygen atom and two with another oxygen atom. Each oxygen atom shares its two electrons with carbon and therefore there are two double bonds in CO2.
CO2 Molecule with Double Covalent bond
Oxygen-Molecule: In the formation of the oxygen molecule, each oxygen atom has six electrons in their valence shell. Each atom requires two more electrons to complete their octet. Therefore the atoms share two electrons each to form the oxygen molecule. Since two electron pairs are shared there is a double bond between the two oxygen atoms.
O2 Molecule with Double Covalent bond
Ethylene Molecule: In ethylene, each carbon atom shares two of its valence electron with two hydrogen atoms and remaining two electrons with the other carbon atom. So there is a double bond between the carbon atoms.
Covalent Bonding in Ethylene Molecule
Double Bond in Ethylene Molecule
Triple Bond
A triple bond is formed when three pairs of electrons are shared between the two participating atoms. Triple covalent bonds are represented by three dashes (≡) and are the least stable types of covalent bonds.
For Example:
In the formation of a nitrogen molecule, each nitrogen atoms having five valence electrons provides three electrons to form three electron pairs for sharing. Thus, a triple bond is formed between the two nitrogen atoms.