Question

Draw a dot and cross diagram for anhydrous calcium chloride. Show only the outer s

electrons

[2]

Answer 1

Anhydrous calcium chloride:

• It is a calcium and chlorine ionic combination. It has a crystalline pure white colour at room temperature. It is hygroscopic in nature since it is very soluble in water. It has a very high enthalpy change of solution and has no smell. This substance is frequently used for de-icing and dust management. Despite being discovered in the 15th century, calcium chloride did not attract much study or attention until the second half of the 18th century. Since it wasn't manufactured on a commercial scale until after the ammonia-soda method for making soda ash was in operation, all of the early work was done with laboratory-prepared samples. Prior to its benefits being found, it was actually thought of as a waste product.
• The solitary calcium cation and the two chloride anions form two ionic connections in calcium chloride molecules. The following diagram shows the structure of molecules of calcium chloride. It should be observed that each chloride anion carries a charge of magnitude -1, while the calcium cation carries a charge of magnitude +2. As a result, the chemical is electrically neutral.

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