Question

draw a labelled diagram of the digestive system.explain the digestive process that takes place in each part of the digestive system.​

Answer 1

Explanation:

(i). Food is crushed and cut in the mouth with the help of teeth and is mixed with saliva that is secreted by three salivary glands(one below the tongue and two at the side of the jaw) to make it wet and slippery, this process is known as mastication.

(ii) Saliva contains amylase that breaks down complex carbohydrates and the tongue helps in pushing the food to the next part of the alimentary canal.

(iii) The soft food then passes through the oesophagus in a wave-like movement known as a peristaltic movement.

(iv) In the stomach, food mixes with gastric juices and dil. HCl. The food is broken down to simple substances with the help of digestive enzymes like pepsinogen, while mucus protects the walls of the stomach.

(v) From the stomach, the food moves into the small intestines with the help of ring-like muscles called pyloric sphincters which allow only a little food to pass through at a time.

(vi) In the small intestine, the carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down with the help of juices secreted by the pancreas, liver and the small intestine itself.

(vii) Fat is converted into small globule-like forms with the help of bile juices from the liver. This process is known as emulsification.

(viii) Pancreatic juices contain trypsin enzyme that breaks down proteins and lipase that breaks down fats.

(ix) The later part of the small intestines is alkaline in nature and helps in the digestion of carbohydrates.

(x) The broken-down food is then absorbed by small projections present on the inside walls of the intestine called villi. Villi are surrounded by blood and lymph vessels that absorb the food and transport it to the rest of the body.

(xi) Finally, the food moves into the large intestine where most of the water is removed from the food and is then passed out of the body through the anus.

Answer 2

Answer:

the diagram is below in the pdf

Explanation:

Mouth  

• Ingests food

• Chews and mixes food

• Begins chemical breakdown of carbohydrates

• Moves food into the pharynx

• Begins breakdown of lipids via lingual lipase

• Moistens and dissolves food, allowing you to taste it

• Cleans and lubricates the teeth and oral cavity

• Has some antimicrobial activity

Pharynx  

• Propels food from the oral cavity to the esophagus

• Lubricates food and passageways

Esophagus  

• Propels food to the stomach

• Lubricates food and passageways

Stomach  

• Mixes and churns food with gastric juices to form chyme

• Begins chemical breakdown of proteins
• Releases food into the duodenum as chyme

• Absorbs some fat-soluble substances (for example, alcohol, aspirin)

• Possesses antimicrobial functions

• Stimulates protein-digesting enzymes

• Secretes intrinsic factor required for vitamin B12 absorption in small intestine

Small intestine  

• Mixes chyme with digestive juices

• Propels food at a rate slow enough for digestion and absorption

• Absorbs breakdown products of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, along with vitamins, minerals, and water

• Performs physical digestion via segmentation

• Provides optimal medium for enzymatic activity

Accessory organs  

Liver: produces bile salts, which emulsify lipids, aiding their digestion and absorption

Gallbladder: stores, concentrates, and releases bile

Pancreas: produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate

• -Bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juices help neutralize acidic chyme and provide optimal environment for enzymatic activity

Salivary Glands : Contains salivary amylase ( saliva ) that breaks down    starch to sugar

Appendix : storehouse of good bacteria

Large intestine  

• Further breaks down food residues

• Absorbs most residual water, electrolytes, and vitamins produced by enteric bacteria

• Propels feces toward rectum

• Eliminates feces

• Food residue is concentrated and temporarily stored prior to defecation

• Mucus eases passage of feces through colon

Anus : Waste material not absorbed by large intestine is removed through anus.

Anal sphincter: Exit of waste material is regulated by the anal sphincter

In the diagram

1. Tongue
2. Salivary Glands
3. Stomach
4. Pancreas
5. Small Intestine
6. Anus
7. Anal sphincter
8. Appendix
9. Large intestine
10. Liver
11. Gall bladder

hope it helps you..