Question

draw a labelled diagram of vs of kidney
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Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

The kidneys, which maintain the purity and constancy of our internal fluids, are perfect examples of homeostatic organs.

Location. These small, dark red organs with a kidney-bean shape lie against the dorsal body wall in a retroperitoneal position (beneath the parietal peritoneum) in the superior lumbar region; they extend from the T12 to the L3 vertebra, thus they receive protection from the lower part of the rib cage.Positioning. Because it is crowded by the liver, the right kidney is positioned slightly lower than the left.Size. An adult kidney is about 12 cm (5 inches) long, 6 cm (2.5 inches) wide, and 3 cm  (1 inch) thick, about the size of a large bar of soap.Adrenal gland. Atop each kidney is an adrenal gland, which is part of the endocrine system is a distinctly separate organ functionally.Fibrous capsule. A transparent fibrous capsule encloses each kidney and gives a fresh kidney a glistening appearance.Perirenal fat capsule. A fatty mass, the perirenal fat capsule, surrounds each kidney and acts to cushion it against blows.Renal fascia. The renal fascia, the outermost capsule, anchors the kidney and helps hold it in place against the muscles of the trunk wall.Renal cortex. The outer region, which is light in color, is the renal cortex.Renal medulla. Deep to the cortex is a darker, reddish-brown area, the renal medulla.Renal pyramids. The medulla has many basically triangular regions with a striped appearance, the renal, or medullary pyramids; the broader base of each pyramid faces toward the cortex while its tip, the apex, points toward the inner region of the kidney.Renal columns. The pyramids are separated by extensions of cortex-like tissue, the renal columns.Renal pelvis. Medial to the hilum is a flat, basinlike cavity, the renal pelvis, which is continuous with the ureter leaving the hilum.Calyces. Extensions of the pelvis, calyces, form cup-shaped areas that enclose the tips of the pyramid and collect urine, which continuously drains from the tips of the pyramids into the renal pelvis.Renal artery. The arterial supply of each kidney is the renal artery, which divides into segmental arteries as it approaches the hilum, and each segmental artery gives off several branches called interlobar arteries.Arcuate arteries. At the cortex-medulla junction, interlobar arteries give off arcuate arteries, which curve over the medullary pyramids.Cortical radiate arteries. Small cortical radiate arteries then branch off the arcuate arteries and run outward to supply the cortical tissue.

Nephrons

Nephrons are the structural and functional units of the kidneys.

Nephrons. Each kidney contains over a million tiny structures called nephrons, and they are responsible for forming urine.Glomerulus. One of the main structures of a nephron, a glomerulus is a knot of capillaries.Renal tubule. Another one of the main structures in a nephron is the renal tubule.Bowman’s capsule. The closed end of the renal tubule is enlarged and cup-shaped and completely surrounds the glomerulus, and it is called the glomerular or Bowman’s capsule.Podocytes. The inner layer of the capsule is made up of highly modified octopus-likecells called podocytes.Foot processes. Podocytes have long branching processes called foot processes that intertwine with one another and cling to the glomerulus.Collecting duct. As the tubule extends from the glomerular capsule, it coils and twists before forming a hairpin loop and then again becomes coiled and twisted before entering a collecting tubule called the collecting duct, which receives urine from many nephrons.Proximal convoluted tubule. This is the part of the tubule that is near to the glomerular capsule.Loop of Henle. The loop of Henle is the hairpin loop following the proximal convoluted tubule.Distal convoluted tubule. After the loop of Henle, the tubule continues to coil and twist before the collecting duct, and this part is called the distal convoluted tubule.Cortical nephrons. Most nephrons are called cortical nephrons because they are located almost entirely within the cortex.Juxtamedullary nephrons. In a few cases, the nephrons are called juxtamedullary nephrons because they are situated next to the cortex-medullary junction, and their loops of Henle dip deep into the medulla.Afferent arteriole. The afferent arteriole, which arises from a cortical radiate artery, is the “feeder vessel”.Efferent arteriole. The efferent arteriole receives blood that has passed through the glomerulus.Peritubular capillaries. They arise from the efferent arteriole that drains the glomerulus.

Answer 2

Explanation:

The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage, one on each side of your spine.

FOR LABLE DIAGRAM.....REFER TO ATTACHMENT.....