Draw a neat and complete diagram of a plant cell and label only the following cell organelles. i. An organelle which traps solar energy for photosynthesis. ii. ‘Powerhouse’ of a cell. iii. ‘Control centre’ of a cell. b. What makes a plant cell more rigid than an animal cell? c. List two life processes that an amoeba can perform by changing its shape.
Answers
Explanation:
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Answer:
Plant cell is the structural and functional unit of plants. It is rectangular in shape and larger in size than an animal cell.
Hint: Plant cell has cell wall whereas cell wall is absent in an animal cell. The chloroplast is present only in plant cells. Plant cells contain large central vacuoles whereas animal cells contain numerous small vacuoles. Plants are autotrophic whereas animals are heterotrophic.
Complete answer: Plant cell is the structural and functional unit of plants. It is rectangular in shape and larger in size than an animal cell.
Components of Plant cell are-
1. Cell wall: It is the outermost layer made up of proteins, cellulose, and polysaccharides. The main function is to protect the cell and to provide structural support to the cell. It also guides the movement of molecules in and out of the cell.
2. Cell Membrane: It is a semi-permeable layer present inside the cell wall. It is composed of fats and proteins. The main function is to filter the movement of molecules across the cell.
3. Nucleus: The nucleus is bound by a nuclear membrane perforated by a nuclear pore. The inside nucleus is the nucleolus and nuclear membrane. The main function of the nucleus is the storage of DNA.
4. Cell organelles:
a.Mitochondria: It is a double membrane-bound organelle and is known as the powerhouse of the cell as it provides ATP.
b.Ribosomes Membrane-bound organelle and are protein factories of the cell.
c. Golgi apparatus: Packaging and transport of macromolecules to the other cells.
d. Lysosomes: Membrane-bound organelle and their main function is the removal of worn-out organelles and other waste from the body.
e. Vacuole: It is surrounded by tonoplast and the main function is Storage and maintenance of turgidity of the cell.
f. Plastids: They are membrane-bound and have their DNA. Types of plastids are Leucoplast for storing protein, lipids, and starch and chloroplast for photosynthesis as it contains chlorophyll.