DRAW A NEAT LABELLED DIAGRAM OF ELECTROLYSIS OF Water
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Answer:
Electrolysis of water is a popular method used for different applications in various industries, mainly in the food industry, metallurgy, power plants amongst others. Besides, the components of water which include hydrogen and oxygen have many applications. For instance, hydrogen obtained through electrolysis is a clean, renewable and efficient fuel source.
The electrolysis of water is mainly carried out to yield pure hydrogen and oxygen gases. It involves passing an electric current through the water which results in the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen.
However, the electrolysis of water is not simple and easy for many reasons.
Water is very weakly dissociated into hydrogen and hydroxide ions. The concentration of the ions in neutral water are equal (= moles per litre). Electrolysis involves the charge carriers, for the current to flow. So, water with a very small amount of ions is a bad conductor of electricity. So, electrolysis of pure water will be a very slow process.
The hydrogen ion is associated with other water molecule and exists as hydronium ion. So, any hydroxide ion, moving towards the anode, will be neutralized by the hydronium ion, even before it reaches the anode to form oxygen gas. Similarly, any hydrogen present will be neutralized by the hydroxyl ion present near the cathode and will not be, reduced to hydrogen. So, electrolysis of water to hydrogen and oxygen will be very small. The electrolysis also involves the transfer of electrons from the anion to the anode and cathode to cations.
In the electrolysis of water, electrodes are inert solids like platinum/palladium whereas electrolyte is a solute in a solution and the product is a gas.
Explanation:
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