Draw a structure bacterial cell and explain in detail about their part and its functions.draw a structure bacterial cell and explain in detail about their part and its functions.draw a structure bacterial cell and explain in detail about their part and its functions.
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When observing bacteria with microscope, it is not difficult to compare bacterial cell shapes and arrangements. There are many bacterial morphologies, each of them with a specific name.
Rod-shaped (Baccilus) i.e. Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus
Spherical (Coccus): i.e. Staphylococcus epiderminis
Curved (Vibrio, Spirochaete) i.e. Vibrio cholera, Rhodospirilium rubrum
Square-shaped (Arcula)
Star-shaped (Stella)
After cell division, the cells of different prokaryotic species can either stay separately or remain together in groups or clusters. The arrangements of these cells are often characteristic of certain genera.
Pair i.e. Escherichia coli
Chain i.e. Streptococcus
Cluster i.e. Staphylococcus
Size of bacteria ranges between 0.2 µm and 700 µm in diameter, with the normal range of about 1-5µm in diameter. Bacteria are about 10 times smaller than eukaryotic cells, which leads to their unique features of growth. Small cells have more surface area relative to cell volume than large cells do, hence, they have higher surface-to-volume ratio (S/V ratio). This leads to obvious benefits such as higher nutrient uptake rate, faster growth and considerably shorter life cycle. In fact, bacteria cells can divide very rapidly, i.e. 20 minutes for E.coli , causing higher chance for mutations in bacterial genes to occur. Hence, bacteria can adapt quickly with changing environmental conditions and can explore new habitats much more quickly than eukaryotic cells.

Bacterial cell structure

Bacteria's menu
Structures of cells
Cell wall
Cytoplasmic membrane
Chromosome
Plasmid
Ribosome
Flagella
Inclusion body
Pili
Endospore
Relative functions
Protect cells against osmotic shock (most important) and physical damage
Regulation of substance transport into and out of cells.
Contain genome.
Contain supplemental genetic information such as resistance to antibiotics, production of toxins and tolerance to toxic environment.
Take part in protein synthesis.
Movement of cells.
Mineral storage of cells.
Attachment to host, bacterial mating.
Tough, heat resistance structure that help bacteria survive in adverse conditions.
Rod-shaped (Baccilus) i.e. Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus
Spherical (Coccus): i.e. Staphylococcus epiderminis
Curved (Vibrio, Spirochaete) i.e. Vibrio cholera, Rhodospirilium rubrum
Square-shaped (Arcula)
Star-shaped (Stella)
After cell division, the cells of different prokaryotic species can either stay separately or remain together in groups or clusters. The arrangements of these cells are often characteristic of certain genera.
Pair i.e. Escherichia coli
Chain i.e. Streptococcus
Cluster i.e. Staphylococcus
Size of bacteria ranges between 0.2 µm and 700 µm in diameter, with the normal range of about 1-5µm in diameter. Bacteria are about 10 times smaller than eukaryotic cells, which leads to their unique features of growth. Small cells have more surface area relative to cell volume than large cells do, hence, they have higher surface-to-volume ratio (S/V ratio). This leads to obvious benefits such as higher nutrient uptake rate, faster growth and considerably shorter life cycle. In fact, bacteria cells can divide very rapidly, i.e. 20 minutes for E.coli , causing higher chance for mutations in bacterial genes to occur. Hence, bacteria can adapt quickly with changing environmental conditions and can explore new habitats much more quickly than eukaryotic cells.

Bacterial cell structure

Bacteria's menu
Structures of cells
Cell wall
Cytoplasmic membrane
Chromosome
Plasmid
Ribosome
Flagella
Inclusion body
Pili
Endospore
Relative functions
Protect cells against osmotic shock (most important) and physical damage
Regulation of substance transport into and out of cells.
Contain genome.
Contain supplemental genetic information such as resistance to antibiotics, production of toxins and tolerance to toxic environment.
Take part in protein synthesis.
Movement of cells.
Mineral storage of cells.
Attachment to host, bacterial mating.
Tough, heat resistance structure that help bacteria survive in adverse conditions.
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