Question

Draw a table showing different connective tissues, their functions and nature & compositions of their matrix present (in paper) ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Type # 1. Loose Connective Tissue:

(A) Areolar Tissue (= Loose connective tissue):

This tissue is most widely distributed connective tissue in the animal body.

Structure:

It is named so because it takes the form of fine threads crossing each other in every direction leaving small spaces called areolae.

The areolar tissue consists of ground substance, the matrix, white, yellow and reticular fibres and cells like fibroblasts, mast cells, macrophages (= histocytes or clasmatocytes), lymphocytes, plasma cells, mesen­chyme cells, chromatophores.

Fat cells can be seen in small groups. Description of matrix, fibres and cells has already been given in the general structure of connective tissue.

Location:

As stated earlier, the areolar tissue is the most widely distributed connective tissue in the body. It is present under the skin as subcutaneous tissue in between and around muscles, nerves and blood vessels in sub-mucosa of gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract, in the bone marrow, between the lobes and lobules of compound glands and in mesenteries and omenta.

It also forms the internal frame work (= stroma) of many solid organs. In fact it forms packing nearly in all organs. Functions:

To bind parts together is the primary function of areolar tissue. Other functions are to provide strength, elasticity, support to the parts where this tissue is present. It also provides rapid diffusion of materials and migration of wandering cells towards areas of infection and repair.

(B) Adipose Tissue:

It is a fat stor­ing connective tissue.

Structure:

The adipose tissue con­sists of several spherical or oval adi­pose cells (= adipocytes or fat cells; Fig. 7.16). Each adipose cell contains fat globules, due to which the nucleus and the cytoplasm are displaced to the periphery.

These cells are often called signet ring cells because they resemble a signet rang when seen in cross sec­tion. There are two types of adipose tissue: white (or yellow) fat and brown fat. White fat contains large adipose cells, each having a single large fat globule and hence, called monolocular.

Adipose Tissue

The cytoplasm in these cells is pushed to a peripheral layer containing nucleus. The adipose cells of brown fat are multilocular, each cell with several small fat globules. Brown colour is due to iron containing cytochrome pigment in fat.

Brown fat found in those mammals which have an oxidation power 20 times more than that of yellow fat because brown fat cells are loaded with a large number of mitochondria.

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Brown fat is found in hibernating mammals such as rats and other rodents and in new-born human babies. The fibres are few in number and form a loose network for supporting the fat-laden cells. If these cells are treated with alcohol, the fatty substance is dissolved and the cells become vacuolated.

Location:

The adipose tissues are found in the subcutaneous tissue, around the heart, kidneys, eyeballs, mesenteries and omenta, where fat is stored. Adipose tissue is also found in the blubber of whales and elephants, hump of camel, fat bodies of frog and yellow bone marrow.

Functions:

The adipose tissue is chiefly a food reserve or ‘fat depot’ for storage. The sub cutaneous fat prevents heat loss from the body and also rounds off the body contour.

It forms a shock-absorbing cushion around the eye balls and kidneys. It also provides support and protection. This tissue also helps in the production of blood corpuscles. We become fatty when our body cells accumulate fat globules. Excessive accumulation of fat is called adiposis.

Type # 2. Dense Connective Tissue:

It is of two types; dense regular connective tissue and dense irregular connective tissue.

(A) Dense Regular Connective Tissue:

In the dense regular connective tissue, the collagen fibres are present in rows between many parallel bundles of fibres. It is also of two types: white fibrous connective tissue and yellow elastic connective tissue.

Types of Connective Tissues (With Diagram) | Animal Tissue

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The following points highlight the three main types of connective tissues. The types are: 1. Loose Connective Tissue 2. Dense Connective Tissues 3. Specialised Connective Tissues.

 

Connective Tissues

Type # 1. Loose Connective Tissue:

(A) Areolar Tissue (= Loose connective tissue):

This tissue is most widely distributed connective tissue in the animal body.

 

Structure:

It is named so because it takes the form of fine threads crossing each other in every direction leaving small spaces called areolae.

The areolar tissue consists of ground substance, the matrix, white, yellow and reticular fibres and cells like fibroblasts, mast cells, macrophages (= histocytes or clasmatocytes), lymphocytes, plasma cells, mesen­chyme cells, chromatophores.