Draw a well-labelled diagram to show the movement of the food in the oesophagus. Write the function of oesophagus.
Answers
Explanation:
(i). Food is crushed and cut in the mouth with the help of teeth and is mixed with saliva that is secreted by three salivary glands(one below the tongue and two at the side of the jaw) to make it wet and slippery, this process is known as mastication.
(ii) Saliva contains amylase that breaks down complex carbohydrates and the tongue helps in pushing the food to the next part of the alimentary canal.
(iii) The soft food then passes through the oesophagus in a wave-like movement known as a peristaltic movement.
(iv) In the stomach, food mixes with gastric juices and dil. HCl. The food is broken down to simple substances with the help of digestive enzymes like pepsinogen, while mucus protects the walls of the stomach.
Answer:
The oesophagus is an important connection to the digestive system through the thoracic cavity, which protects the heart and lungs. The oesophagus carries food through this cavity, keeping it separate and moving it through with muscular contractions. Two sphincters on either side of the oesophagus separate food into small units known as a bolus. The size and complexity of the oesophagus varies by species.
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