Question

Draw the antibody molecule in china and describe its five structural properties:

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Answer 1

Answer:

There are five immunoglobulin classes of antibody molecules found in serum: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE and IgD. They are distinguished by the type of heavy chain they contain.

IgG antibody structure and function

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies are large globular proteins with a molecular weight of about 150 kDa made of four peptide chains. It contains two identical γ (gamma) heavy chains of about 50 kDa and two identical light chains of about 25 kDa, thus a tetrameric quaternary structure.

IgG provides long term protection because it persists for months and years after the presence of the antigen that has triggered their production. IgG protects against bacteria, viruses, neutralises bacterial toxins, triggers complement protein systems and binds antigens to enhance the effectiveness of phagocytosis.

IgM antibody structure and function

Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies are constructed of five or six units (i.e. mostly as pentamers but also hexamers occur) which are each comprised of two heavy-chains (μ-chains) and two light chains, bound together by disulfide bonds and a so-called J-chain.

IgM is involved in the ABO blood group antigens on the surface of RBCs. IgM enhances ingestions of cells by phagocytosis.