Question

draw the diagram for electrolysis of water and label it

Answer 1

Answer:

ELECTROLYSIS

Defination: "Electrolysis of water is the process by which water is decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen gas, when electric current is being passed through the water" .

Half reactions in the electrolysis of pure water at pH=7, and at 25°Care-

• At cathode: 2H2O(l) + 2e– → H2(g) + 2OH– E° = -0.42 V

• At anode: 2H2O → O2(g) + 4H+ + 4e– E° = +0.82 V

The net reaction of electrolysis of water is given as:

• 2H2O(l) → 2H2(g) + O2(g) E° = -1.24 V

Diagram

A neat labelled diagram to show the electrolysis of water is shown below:

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Answer 2

DEFINATION OF ELECTROLYSIS ?

• Electrolysis of water is a popular method used for different applications in various industries, mainly in the food industry, metallurgy, power plants amongst others.
• Besides, the components of water which include hydrogen and oxygen have many applications.
• For instance, hydrogen obtained through electrolysis is a clean, renewable and efficient fuel source.
• The electrolysis of water is mainly carried out to yield pure hydrogen and oxygen gases.
• It involves passing an electric current through the water which results in the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen.
• However, the electrolysis of water is not simple and easy for many reasons.
• Water is very weakly dissociated into hydrogen and hydroxide ions. The concentration of the ions in neutral water are equal (= moles per litre).
• Electrolysis involves the charge carriers, for the current to flow. So, water with a very small amount of ions is a bad conductor of electricity. So, electrolysis of pure water will be a very slow process.
• The hydrogen ion is associated with other water molecule and exists as hydronium ion.
• So, any hydroxide ion, moving towards the anode, will be neutralized by the hydronium ion, even before it reaches the anode to form oxygen gas.
• Similarly, any hydrogen present will be neutralized by the hydroxyl ion present near the cathode and will not be, reduced to hydrogen.
• So, electrolysis of water to hydrogen and oxygen will be very small.
• The electrolysis also involves the transfer of electrons from the anion to the anode and cathode to cations.
• In the electrolysis of water, electrodes are inert solids like platinum/palladium whereas electrolyte is a solute in a solution and the product is a gas.

THE DIAGRAM WILL BE SHOWN

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