Question

Draw the digestive system and write about the journey of the food .
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Answer 1

Answer:

Whenever we eat or drink, a number of functions are automatically triggered in our bodies. The digestive system plays an essential role here, ensuring that our bodies can make use of the energy and nutrients from our food.  The digestive tract – where our food is digested –  consists of a long sequence of organs. These include the oral cavity, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine with rectum and anus ). Once we have finished chewing the food in our mouths, the food bolus passes with every swallow through the oesophagus and into the stomach. Ongoing transport is now controlled by the movement of the muscles found in the walls of the stomach and intestine. Other organs such as the liver, pancreas and gallbladder are also important for digestion. They release digestive juices and enzymes into the intestine, which are needed for breaking down the food . Enzymes are essential enablers in the body when it comes to digesting food.

Answer 2

Chewing mechanically mixes food with saliva from the salivary glands. Amylase in saliva chemically digests starch in the food. The mixing process is lubricated by mucin, a slippery protein in saliva

Swallowing: Ingestion

The food is formed into a small ball called a bolus, which is pushed to the back of the mouth by the tongue. Involuntary muscle contractions in the pharynx then push the bolus down towards the oesophagus.

In the oesophagus, the bolus is moved along by rhythmic contractions of the muscles present in its walls.

Food is mixed with gastric juice. Strong muscular contractions in the stomach wall reduce the food to chyme – a thick milky material. The pyloric sphincter at the lower end of the stomach slowly releases chyme into the duodenum.

It takes 3–5 hours from entry to the duodenum to exit from the ileum. The small intestine’s structure of folds, villi, and microvilli increases the absorptive surface area and allows maximum exposure to enzymes and complete absorption of the end products of digestion.

The large intestine is 1.5–1.8m in length and is divided into the caecum, colon, and rectum. The colon is further divided into 4 parts – ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon.

The rectum’s external opening, the anus, is controlled by a set of muscles. When filled by a mass movement from the sigmoid colon, the rectum is stretched and produces the desire to defecate. If inhibited, the urge to defecate subsides but returns several hours later.

Well, I can't do the diagram :>

Please mark as brainliest I spent so many mins typing it from my textbook

I didn't copy