Question

Draw the flow chart of the process of digestive system starting from Bucal cavity?

Answer 1

first food is taken in then in mouth salivary amylase is secreted by salivary glands then the food is made watery then it enters pharynx and then stomach in gastric glands secretes their enzymes in small intestine bile and pancreas secrete bile juice/ bile salt and pancreatic juice

Answer 2

The process of digestion is as follows:

1. Buccal Cavity - Food is taken into the buccal cavity where teeth grind the food into molecules of same size and texture.

2. Saliva - Saliva is a liquid secreted in the mouth which contains salivary amylase, an enzyme which converts starch to maltose.

3. Tongue - The muscular tongue directs the food, coats it in saliva and helps in mastigation or chewing.

4. Oesophagus - The food is taken from the mouth to the stomach through the oesophagus. Here, alternate rhythmic contraction and relaxation movements of the alimentary canal called peristalsis push food forward.

5. Stomach - The stomach is a muscular bag which expands as food enters. It has gastric glands in its walls which secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl), a protein digesting enzyme called pepsin, and mucus, hence it is acidic. The HCl facilitates the action of pepsin, and mucus protects the stomach's walls from action of acid.

6. Sphincter - The sphincter muscle regulates the exit of food from the stomach to the small intestine, in small amounts.

7. Bile - Bile is secreted by the liver. Food from the stomach is acidic and needs to be made alkaline for pancreatic enzymes to act. Hence, bile neutralizes the food. It also emulsifies fats, which are in large globules and are split to ensure efficiency of enzymes.

8. Small Intestine - Food is completely digested in the small intestine by many enzymes like succus entericus or intestinal juice. The pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which contain trypsin, for digesting proteins, and lipase for digesting fats. all proteins are converted to amino acids, carbohydrates to glucose and fats to fatty acids and glycerol.

9. Villi - The inner lining of the small intestine has numerous finger-like projections called villi which absorb the nutrients. They have large surface area and are surrounded by blood capillaries. The nutrients are taken to all cells of the body for energy, repair and building of cells.

10. Large Intestine - The unabsorbed food is sent to the large intestine where villi absorb water from the food.

11. Anus - The waste food is sent to the anus and its exit is regulated by the anal sphincter.