Draw well labeled diagram of nephron.And explain
Answers
Answer:
A nephron is the basic filtration unit of the kidney. It is a cluster of thin-walled blood capillaries. There are different parts of the nephron in which the formation of urine take place which is the main function of the kidney.
Bowman's capsule and the glomerulus are together called as the glomerular apparatus.
There are afferent and efferent arterioles which bring and carry the blood way.
The blood is filtered by the glomerulus and enters the Bowman's capsule where the podocytes help in the filtration and the glomerular filtrate is formed.
When the glomerular filtrate comes to the proximal tubule then the essential nutrients are reabsorbed.
There are two limbs of the loop of Henle, ascending and descending limb.
The countercurrent exchange mechanism occurs which help in the regulation of the water and ions in the blood.
When the glomerular filtrate is in the proximal tubule creatinine, uric acid are secreted in it.
When the filtrate goes to the distal convoluted tubule urea, potassium ion and some hydrogen ions are secreted in it.
The urine which is formed is transported by the collecting tubules to the renal pelvis.
The urine is transported out by the ureters to the urinary bladder to store and excrete the urine from urethra.
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By- R.pravallika
Explanation:
The process of urine formation in kidneys include the following steps:
(i) Glomerular filtration - Urine formation begins when the blood is filtered by the glomerulus and enters the Bowman's capsule and the glomerular filtrate is formed. The afferent arteriole entering the glomerulus is wider than the efferent arteriole in diameter. This increases the blood pressure within the glomerulus helps in the filtration. Glomerular filtrate is formed of all blood constituents except corpuscles and plasma proteins.
(ii) Tubular reabsorption - When the glomerular filtrate comes to the proximal tubule then the essential nutrients are reabsorbed. Glucose, amino acids, water, ions like sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, magnesium, calcium are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate. When the filtrate finally comes to the collecting duct ADH (anti-diuretic hormone) acts and reabsorbs the excess water and decreases the urine volume.
(iii) Tubular secretion - When the glomerular filtrate is in the proximal tubule cretinine, uric acid are secreted in it. When the filtrate goes to the distal part urea, potasium ion and some hydrogen ions are secreted in it.
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