During follicular phase of menstruation why lueitinizing hormone levels doesnt increase???
Answers
INTRODUCTION
Luteinizing hormone (LH): A hormone released by the pituitary gland in response to luteinizing hormone- releasing hormone. It controls the length and sequence of the female menstrual cycle, including ovulation, preparation of the uterus for implantation of a fertilized egg, and ovarian production of both estrogen and progesterone. Theca cells in the ovary respond to LH stimulation by secretion of testosterone, which is converted into estrogen by adjacent granulosa cells. In women, ovulation of mature follicles on the ovary is induced by a large burst of LH secretion - the preovulatory LH surge. Residual cells within ovulated follicles proliferate to form corpora lutea, which secrete the steroid hormones - progesterone and estradiol. Progesterone is necessary for the maintenance of pregnancy, and, in most mammals, LH is required for continued development and function of corpora lutea.
PRINCIPLES OF OVULATION INDUCTION AND THE ROLE OF LH IN FOLLICULOGENESIS
Before we proceed to explore the effects and the potential therapeutic applications of LH on ovulation induction, it is extremely important to first gain a clear understanding of not just the normal physiology of LH and ovulation but also certain basic principles involved in ovulation induction. The follicular phase features a series of sequential actions of hormones and autocrine–paracrine peptides on the follicle, leading the follicle destined to ovulate through a period of initial growth from a primordial follicle through the stages of pre-antral, antral and preovulatory follicle. The two-cell, two-gonadotrophin model is a fundamental concept in ovarian physiology that establishes a role for both LH and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in hormone production. Androgen production and release during folliculogenesis is dependent on the stimulation of the theca cells by LH. The theca cells are in close contact with the granulosa cells that proliferate during follicular growth and which are stimulated by FSH to induce the expression of the aromatase enzyme. Thus, androgens produced by the theca cells are then transferred to the granulosa cells where they can be converted to estradiol by aromatase action. Hence, both gonadotrophins are involved in estradiol production during folliculogenesis. The finding of LH receptors in granulosa cells during the intermediate follicular phase suggests that LH has a supplementary role at this time. Growth factors, such as insulin growth factors I and II, are expressed by both granulosa and theca cells during folliculogenesis and are important in promoting follicular maturation. It is believed that LH plays a role in inducing and maintaining this paracrine system by its action on both granulosa and theca cells. Thus, once granulosa cells express sufficient receptors for LH, the activity of FSH can be replaced by administering LH alone.[1] It is not clear when in the follicular phase this action of LH on granulosa cells begins, but the local production of factors is necessary for granulosa cell growth and regulation of oocyte maturation.
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Answer:
IDK WHY??? HEHEHEHEHE
Explanation: