During this period, the wall of the uterus becomes thick so as to receive the egg, in case it is fertilised and begins to develop. This results in pregnancy.
If fertilisation does not occur, the released egg, and the thickened lining of the uterus along with its blood vessels are shed off. This causes menstruation. It occurs once in about 28 to 30 days. The first menstrual flow begin at puberty and is termed as menarche. The menstruation stops at the age of 45 to 50. This stage is known as menopause.
In male, the reproductive phase begins at puberty at the ages 14-15 and lasts as long as he is healthy.
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