Question

E 1. 2. 3. Answer the following questions in one or two words/sent How did the rigid caste system in the Later Vedic period affect the shudras? Name the twenty-fourth and the last tirthankara of the Jains. Mention any one difference between the Digambaras and the Svetambaras. 4. In which parts of India is Jainism still popular? 5. Where did Gautama Buddha achieve enlightenment? 6. Why is Buddhism referred to as the 'middle path? 7. What do you understand by the term 'eightfold path' of Buddhism? 8. Name the two Buddhist sects.​

Answer 1

Answer:

1.The caste system became more rigid in later Vedic period. Brahmins became the superior power in the society and the Shudras became untouchables. Even marriages among different castes were barred. The shudras started to live an isolated life in the society.

2.The 24th and last tirthankara of present half-cycle was Mahavira Swami Ji (599 BC–527 BC). History records the existence of Mahavira and his predecessor, Parshvanath, the twenty-third tirthankara.

3.The main difference between Digambaras and Svetambaras was that the followers of Digambaras did not wear any clothes and followed the original teaching of Mahavira. But the followers of Svetambaras wore white clothes and did not believe in a hard penance.

4.Jainism is still popular in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu

5. day, seated beneath the Bodhi tree (the tree of awakening) Siddhartha became deeply absorbed in meditation, and reflected on his experience of life, determined to penetrate its truth. He finally achieved Enlightenment and became the Buddha.

6.Buddha's religious philosophy is called Buddhism. It is called the middle path because it avoids the extreme harshness and austerity of Jainism, as well as the extremes of ritualistic Hinduism. The main principles of Buddhism are contained in the four noble truths and the eightfold path or ashtanga marga.

7.the Buddhist teaching of the means of attaining Nirvana through rightness of belief, resolve, speech, action, livelihood, effort, thought, and meditation — see four noble truths.

8.After the death of Buddha, Buddhism was divided into two sects namely Mahayana and Hinayana.

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