E. Answer in brief.
1. Which two sites of the Indus Valley civilisation were the first to be discovered ?
2. Describe the environment of the Indus Valley as it was 4000 years ago.
3. What were the houses of the Indus Valley civilisation made of ?
4. How many social classes were there in the Indus Valley society ? Describe them.
Answers
Answer:
1. An overview of the Indus civilization. The civilization was first identified in 1921 at Harappa in the Punjab region and then in 1922 at Mohenjo-daro (Mohenjodaro), near the Indus River in the Sindh (Sind) region.
2. Explanation: More than 4,000 years ago, the Harappa culture thrived in the Indus River Valley of what is now modern Pakistan and northwestern India, where they built sophisticated cities, invented sewage systems that predated ancient Rome's, and engaged in long-distance trade with settlements in Mesopotamia.
3. Houses - The Indus Valley Civilization. The two biggest cities of Indus valley civilization were Mohenjo Daro and Harappa. People lived in stone houses that were 2-3 stories high and all of them had sewage systems. The system was built with mud bricks and ran under the street.
4. Jamkhedar. The caste system had four main groups: the Brahmins consisting of priests and kings; the Kshatriyas, the warriors and aristocrats; the Vaishyas, cultivators, artisans and merchants; and the Shudras or peasants and serfs.
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