E. Answer in detail.
1. Give examples to show how the temperature and the amount of water available affect animals and plants in a habitat.
2. Distinguish between producers, primary consumers and secondary consumers.
3. How are decomposers useful to us?
4.What are aquatic animals? How is a fish adapted to live in water?
5. How is a camel adapted to live in its habitat?
6. Describe the adaptations seen in animals that live on mountains.
7. What are the features of tropical rainforests? Describe the adaptations of plants in these habitats.
8. Write a short note on the kinds of adaptations seen in animals in a grassland.
Answers
Answer:
1.Example: In desert, where the water is available in less amount, the plants and animals are adapted to reduce the loss of water from their body. Another important factor that affects the animals and plants in a habitat is the temperature
2.Primary consumers are animals that eat primary producers; they are also called herbivores (plant-eaters). Secondary consumers eat primary consumers. They are carnivores (meat-eaters) and omnivores (animals that eat both animals and plants).
3.They perform a valuable service as Earth's cleanup crew. Without decomposers, dead leaves, dead insects, and dead animals would pile up everywhere. Imagine what the world would look like! More importantly, decomposers make vital nutrients available to an ecosystem's primary producers—usually plants and algae.
4.An aquatic animal is an animal, either vertebrate or invertebrate, which lives in the water for most or all of its lifetime.Fish have gills that allow them to “breathe” oxygen in water. Water enters the mouth, passes over the gills, and exits the body through a special opening. Gills absorb oxygen from the water as it passes over them. Fish have a stream-lined body.
5.Camels are well adapted for survival in the desert. Their adaptations include: large, flat feet - to spread their weight on the sand. thick fur on the top of the body for shade, and thin fur elsewhere to allow easy heat loss.
6.Mountain animals have thick fur and wool to protect themselves from extreme cold, and fast hooves that help them to climb the slopes of the hills. Chamois, ibex, snow leopard, tahr, giant horn sheep are few mountain animals.
7.The leaves of forest trees have adapted to cope with exceptionally high rainfall. Many tropical rainforest leaves have a drip tip. It is thought that these drip tips enable rain drops to run off quickly. Plants need to shed water to avoid growth of fungus and bacteria in the warm, wet tropical rainforest.
8.Some adaptations are-
- Some animals, such as bison, have broad, flat-topped teeth and digestive systems especially adapted to feed on grasses.
- Many prairie animals have front legs and paws that allow them to burrow into the ground, where they are protected from predators.
- Many prairie animals are adapted for nocturnal life; that is, they are active at night, which helps conceal their presence from predators.
- The color of many prairie animals blends in with the plant life, which also helps them hide from predators.
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