E. Answer the following questions.
1. What are plains? Explain briefly the formation of plains.
2. Give a brief account of the plateaus of the world.
3. Name the two main gases of the atmosphere. Write the significance of each.
4. What is meant by hydrosphere? Briefly explain the importance of hydrosphere.
5.How are human activities responsible for causing ecological imbalance?
Answers
Answer:
(1) Plains occur as lowlands along the bottoms of valleys or on the doorsteps of mountains, as coastal plains, and as plateaus or uplands. Plains may have been formed from flowing lava, deposited by water, ice, wind, orformed by erosion by these agents from hills and mountains.
(2) Plateaus are built over millions of years as pieces of Earth's crust smash into each other, melt, and gurgle back toward the surface. The highest and biggest plateau on Earth, the Tibetan Plateau in East Asia, resulted from a collision between two tectonic plates about 55 million years ago.
(3) Nitrogen and Oxygen are the two important gases present in the atmosphere. EXPLANATION: Nitrogen and Oxygen makes about 99% on the earth's atmosphere where nitrogen accounts for 78% and Oxygen accounts for about 21%.
(4) The major importance of the hydrosphere is that water sustains various life forms and plays an important role in ecosystems and regulating the atmosphere. Hydrosphere covers all water present on the Earth's surface.
(5) Human activities have largely been responsible for disturbing balance of nature, bringing changes in the climatic conditions, thereby creating ecological imbalance. Pollution: Human activities have resulted in increased pollution of all natural resources like water, air, etc.
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Answer:
1.Plains occur as lowlands along the bottoms of valleys or on the doorsteps of mountains, as coastal plains, and as plateaus or uplands. Plains may have been formed from flowing lava, deposited by water, ice, wind, orformed by erosion by these agents from hills and mountains.
2.Plateaus are built over millions of years as pieces of Earth's crust smash into each other, melt, and gurgle back toward the surface. The highest and biggest plateau on Earth, the Tibetan Plateau in East Asia, resulted from a collision between two tectonic plates about 55 million years ago.
3.Nitrogen and Oxygen are the two important gases present in the atmosphere. EXPLANATION: Nitrogen and Oxygen makes about 99% on the earth's atmosphere where nitrogen accounts for 78% and Oxygen accounts for about 21%.
4.The major importance of the hydrosphere is that water sustains various life forms and plays an important role in ecosystems and regulating the atmosphere. Hydrosphere covers all water present on the earth.
5.Some human activities that cause damage (either directly or indirectly) to the environment on a global scale include population growth, overconsumption, overexploitation, pollution, and deforestation, to name but a few.