Question

E. Answer the following questions.
1) What are the main functions of the brain? How does it carry out its work?
2. Name the different parts of the brain and describe their main functions.
3. Name the different types of nerves and explain their functions.
4. What is a reflex action?
5. Explain what happens when a sound falls on the eardrum.
6. What makes the skin behave as a sense organ? ​

Answer 1

Answer:

1] Some of its main functions include: processing sensory information. regulating blood pressure and breathing. It performs higher functions like interpreting touch, vision, and hearing, as well as speech, reasoning, emotions, learning, and fine control of movement. Cerebellum: is located under the cerebrum.

2] The brain has three main parts: the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. Cerebrum: is the largest part of the brain and is composed of right and left hemispheres. It performs higher functions like interpreting touch, vision, and hearing, as well as speech, reasoning, emotions, learning, and fine control of movement.

3] The main 2 types of nerves are sensory nerves and motor nerves. Sensory nerves also known as afferent nerves, carry impulses from sensory receptors towards the brain. Motor nerves also known as efferent nerves, carry impulses away from the brain to muscles and glands.

4] A reflex action is an automatic (involuntary) and rapid response to a stimulus, which minimises any damage to the body from potentially harmful conditions, such as touching something hot.

5] Sound waves travel through the ear canal to reach the eardrum. ... The eardrum is a thin flap of skin that is stretched tight like a drum and vibrates when sound hits it. These vibrations move the tiny bones of the middle ear, which send vibrations to the inner ear.

6] Sensory Function

The skin acts as a sense organ because the epidermis, dermis, and the hypodermis contain specialized sensory nerve structures that detect touch, surface temperature, and pain. ... Merkel cells, seen scattered in the stratum basale, are also touch receptors.

Explanation:

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