E. Answer the following questions:
1. What is mastication?
2. Describe ingestion and egestion in Amoeba.
3. Name the enzyme secreted by gastric gland.
4. What are enzymes? Give examples?
5. What is the function of large intestine?
Answers
Answer:
1. Mastication (chewing), in which food is crushed and mixed with saliva to form a bolus for swallowing, is a complex mechanism involving opening and closing of the jaw, secretion of saliva, and mixing of food with the tongue.
2.Ingestion
Ingestion is the process of taking food in the body. Amoeba is a unicellular animal, so it doesn't have a mouth for ingestion of food. Amoeba ingests the food by encircling it by forming pseudopodia. When the food is completely encircled , the food is engulfed in the form of a bag called food vacuole.
3.An enzyme secreted from gastric glands in stomach that acts on proteins is pepsin. It is an enzyme whose zymogen/precursor (pepsinogen) is released by the chief cells in the stomach and that degrades food proteins into peptides.
4. Examples of specific enzymes
Lipases – a group of enzymes that help digest fats in the gut.
Amylase – helps change starches into sugars. ...
Maltase – also found in saliva; breaks the sugar maltose into glucose. ...
Trypsin – found in the small intestine, breaks proteins down into amino acids.
5.The purpose of the large intestine is to absorb water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and get rid of any waste products left over.