Question

E. Answer these questions:
1. Write the impact of geography on Indian history?
2. What major historical developments took place in Indian history during medieval India?
3. What did Hindustan stand for in medieval times?
4. How are travelogues an important literary source?
5. What were the major historical developments during the medieval period?
6. What were the epigraphic sources? Describe them.
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Answer 1

1. Throughout its early History, mankind constantly moved from one hostile environment to more favourable living conditions. The topography of the land, availability of water, and the climate are the factors that have played a crucial role in the growth of human settlements.
2. The two political developments that took place in India during the medieval period are : 1. Fragmentation of kingdoms : Before the Delhi Sultanate, India was divided into small kingdoms like Pratiharas, Chauhans, Paramaras, Chandellas, Rathores etc. 2.foreign invensions:During the medival period ,foreign muslims like turks,Afghans,Mughals etc. invaded india and ruled for centuries to come.
3. Hindustan is made up of two words that is 'Hindu' and 'Sthan' means place. It was literally Hindusthan but on pronunciation it became Hindustan. In medieval period, Hindustan meant the place where Hindus live.
4. travelogues an important literary source because they give a detailed account about political trade ,events and commerce. They give us information about the condition of people that time.It also gives us information about thier courts and thier style.

The period saw major technological advances, including the adoption of gunpowder, the invention of vertical windmills, spectacles, mechanical clocks, and greatly improved water mills, building techniques (Gothic architecture, medieval castles), and agriculture in general (three-field crop rotation).

Answer 2

your answer is in the attachment