Question

E. Answer these questions in 10-20 words.
1. What is the composition of the atmosphere?
2. Define the term 'normal lapse rate of temperature'.
3. Mention two uses of carbon dioxide
gas.
4. How is ozone gas important for us?
5. What do you understand by the greenhouse effect?
6. Name some greenhouse gases. Why are they called so?
7. What is global warming? State its main causes.​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Answer 2

Answer:

1. The atmosphere is composed of gases, water vapour and dust particles. Nitrogen constitutes 78.8%, oxygen contributes 20.94% and argon contributes 0.93% in atmosphere. Other gases include carbon dioxide, helium, ozone, methane, hydrogen, krypton, xenon and neon, etc.

2. The average rate of decrease of the temperature of normal air with the increase in height. It is equal to 3.5°F/1000 ft or 6.5°C/km.

3. Carbon dioxide is used as a refrigerant, in fire extinguishers, for inflating life rafts and life jackets, blasting coal, foaming rubber and plastics, promoting the growth of plants in greenhouses, immobilizing animals before slaughter, and in carbonated beverages.

4.Most ozone resides in the stratosphere (a layer of the atmosphere between 10 and 40 km above us), where it acts as a shield to protect Earth's surface from the sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation. With a weakening of this shield, we would be more susceptible to skin cancer, cataracts and impaired immune systems.

5.The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth's surface. When the Sun's energy reaches the Earth's atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases. The absorbed energy warms the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth.

6. That's because the glass walls of the greenhouse trap the Sun's heat. The greenhouse effect works much the same way on Earth. Gases in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, trap heat similar to the glass roof of a greenhouse. These heat-trapping gases are called greenhouse gases.

7. The main driver of climate change is the greenhouse effect. Some gases in the Earth's atmosphere act a bit like the glass in a greenhouse, trapping the sun's heat and stopping it from leaking back into space and causing global warming.

Explanation:

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