Question

E. Differentiate between the following.
1. Diffusion and osmosis
2. Diffusion and active transport
3. Xylem and phloem
4. Micronutrients and macronutrients​

Answer 1

Answer:-

Differentiation between Diffusion and Osmosis:-

Diffusion:-

• Diffusion is a physical process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
• It occurs only in gaseous or liquid medium.
• Diffusion of molecules continues till homogeneity is attained. In this situation, rate of movement of molecules in both directions becomes same.

Osmosis:-

• Osmosis is a physical process in which ions migrate from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
• It occurs only in liquid medium.
• Movement of solvent molecules continues till homogeneity is attained. in this situation, rate of movement of solvent molecules in either side of semi permeable becomes same.

Differentiation between Diffusion and active transport:-

Diffusion:-

• Diffusion is a physical process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

• Diffusion does not require cellular energy.

• It allows ions to pass in the cell membrane through a concentration gradient.

Active transport:-

• In this process, the mevements of substances occurs from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration.
• Active transport utilizes cellular energy in the form of ATP.
• It pumps molecules through the cell membrane against the concentration gradient.

Differentiation between Xylem and Phloem:-

Xylem:-

• It carries water from roots to leaves and provide mechanical support.
• Cell wall is thick
• Xylem is made up of dead cells.

Phloem:-

• It stores and transports food from leaves to other parts of the plants.
• Cell wall is thin.
• Phloem is made up of living cells.

Differentiation between micronutrients and macronutrients:-

Micronutrients:-

• The mineral elements, that are required in minute quantity for normal growth of plants, are called micronutrients.
• Examples are Iron, Chlorine Boron, Manganese, Zinc, Copper, Nickel etc.

Macronutrients:-

• The mineral elements that are required in large quantities for normal development of plants, are called macronutrients.
• Examples are Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphur etc.