(e) Explain briefly about some Sikh social reforms.
18.
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VI. Answer the following questions in detail.
(a) Explain the role of social reformers in emancipation of women.
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(b) How did reforms take place among Muslim community? Elaborate.
Answers
1.The Singh Sabha Movement was a Sikh movement that began in Punjab in the 1870s in reaction to the proselytising activities of Christians, Hindu reform movements (Brahmo Samajis, Arya Samaj) and Muslims (Aligarh movement and Ahmadiyah).
2.They attacked a number of traditional, authoritarian, and hierarchical social institutions and launched social reform movements to liberate the Indian women from their shackles. Though many of the reformers were mainly men, the reform movement aimed at improving the status of Indian women.
3.Many social changes took place under Islam between 610 and 661, including the period of Muhammad's mission and the rule of his four immediate successors who established the Rashidun Caliphate.
Explanation:
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Answer:
NEWS NATIONAL
NATIONAL
Emancipation of Women
Mrs.S. Muthulakshmi Reddi
14 AUGUST 2015 17:48 IST
UPDATED: 29 MARCH 2016 15:26 IST
On this Independence Day, we bring you this article which was published in the August 15, 1947 edition of The Hindu.
Is there any woman or man who does not love freedom? Freedom is the birthright of every human being; even beasts and birds love freedom. All lives thrive best when they are free. Freedom and responsibility bring out the best from the individual and the race. Therefore, did we, Indians do penance all these years to free India from foreign yoke. We welcome the day of Independence for India. Because freedom for India means freedom for every man and woman and child. The emancipation of women has always been closely bound up with the struggle for political freedom.
In the-early history of India the women walked the earth the equals of men. But the foreign invasion, a thousand years ago, drove them into a long exile. They had to face men who neiher spared life nor honour. And in adapting themselves to a changing environment they passed into Purdah and the burning pyre, into seclusion and the backyard of history. But the fire smouldered all the same—witness Padmini of Chittoor. Chand Bibi and the Rani of Jhansi.
World history moved on. Britain came into India bringing with it western thoughts and ideals. Western contact began to influence Indian thought. Men like Raja Rammohan Roy arose who took up the cause of women's reforms and emancipation. He fought for the abolition of Sathi in 1829, and the Brahmo Samaj, which he established taught absolute equality of men and women. Raja Rammohan Roy was followed by men like Dayanand Saraswathi, Ishwara Chandra Vidyasagar, D. K. Kharve, Veerasingalingam Panthulu, Sir Hari Singh Gour, Her Bilas Sardha and Subramania Barathi who laboured for freeing women from the bonds and customs and conventions that hampered their growth physically and mentally. The service of the Christian missions in India to the cause of women's education and reform cannot but be remembered with gratitude.