E. Long Answer Type Questions:-
1. Describe an activity to show that an acid neutralizes the property of a base.
2. List the differences between an acid and a base.
3. How would you prepare a china rose indicator and use it to test the natural of different substances?
Answers
Answer:
2 difference between acid and base
Explanation:
Difference Between Acid and Base
Such substances that donate their hydrogen ion (H+) (proton donor) and accepts the electron to another is called an acid. They have pH less than 7.0. But such substances that accept the proton and donate electron is called as the base. They have pH more than 7.0. Acids are sour, while bases are bitter.
Acids and Bases are one of the most important parts of chemistry, but also play their significant role in another field of science. There are many definitions which differentiate the substances as acid and base, but the most accepted are the Arrhenius theory, Bronsted-Lowry theory and the Lewis theory of acid/base.
Neutralization is a process when acids and bases react to form salt and water. In a reaction to water, neutralization results in excess of hydrogen or hydroxide ions present in the solution. The pH of the neutralized solution depends on the strength of acid or base involved in it. If a strong acid is mixed with a strong base then the salt formed is neutral. If a strong acid is mixed with a weak base then the acid formed is acidic. Similarly, if a weak acid is mixed with a strong acid then the salt formed is basic Neutralization is used in many applications.
2) Basis
Acid
Base
Definition
An acid is any chemical compound once dissolved in water produces a solution with hydrogen ion activity more than purified water
A base is an aqueous substance that could absorb hydrogen ions.
Strength
Relies on the concentration of the hydronium ions
Relies on the concentration of the hydroxide ions
Examples
Acetic acid CH3COOH and sulphuric acid
Sodium Hydroxide (NAOH) and Ammonia
Characteristics (Physical)
Would depend upon the temperature acids would look solid, liquid or in the form of gas. It would also have a sour taste.
Bases would feel slippery and solid in nature except ammonia which is gaseous. It would have a bitter taste.
Disassociation
Acids would release hydrogen ions (h+) when mixed with water
Bases would release hydroxide ions(OH-) when mixed with water
Test with Litmus
Would turn litmus paper red