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Answers
Q.1 )Explain Gabriel phthalimide synthesis ?
Ans- The Gabriel synthesis is a chemical reaction that transforms primary alkyl halides into primary amines.
Traditionally, the reaction uses potassium phthalimide.
The reaction is named after the German chemist Siegmund Gabriel.
The Gabriel reaction has been generalized to include the alkylation of sulfonamides and imides, followed by deprotection, to obtain amines.
The alkylation of ammonia is often an unselective and inefficient route to amines.
Q.2) Describe Preparation of glucose from sucrose
Ans- Glucose can be prepared in the laboratory by boiling sucrose (cane sugar) with dilute hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid for about two hours.
This hydrolyzes sucrose to glucose and fructose.
In order to separate glucose from fructose, alcohol is added during cooling.
Glucose is almost insoluble in alcohol.
Q.3)Find out the EAN of [Fe(CN)₆]⁴.
Ans- Effective atomic number ( E.A.N.) of Fe in
[Fe(CN)₆]⁴
=> Z - O + 2 × d = 26 - (+2) + 2 × 6 = 36
Q.4) Distinguish between SN¹ and SN² machanism in Substitution reaction .
Ans- Sn¹:
- Sn¹ is a unimolecular reaction.
- It follows a 1st order kinectic mechanism.
- Sn¹ involves two steps.
- In Sn¹, the rate of reaction depends on the concentration of the substrate.
- In Sn¹ as the leaving group leaves, the substrate forms a carbocation intermediate.
Sn²:
- Sn² is a bimolecular reaction.
- It followe the 2nd order kinetic mechanism.
- Sn² is a single-step process.
- In Sn², the rate of reaction depends on the concentration of both the substrate and the nucleophile.
- In Sn², the reaction happens in a single transition state.
Q.1 )Explain Gabriel phthalimide synthesis ?
Ans- The Gabriel synthesis is a chemical reaction that transforms primary alkyl halides into primary amines.
Traditionally, the reaction uses potassium phthalimide.
The reaction is named after the German chemist Siegmund Gabriel.
The Gabriel reaction has been generalized to include the alkylation of sulfonamides and imides, followed by deprotection, to obtain amines.
The alkylation of ammonia is often an unselective and inefficient route to amines.Q.1 )Explain Gabriel phthalimide synthesis ?
Ans- The Gabriel synthesis is a chemical reaction that transforms primary alkyl halides into primary amines.
Traditionally, the reaction uses potassium phthalimide.
The reaction is named after the German chemist Siegmund Gabriel.
The Gabriel reaction has been generalized to include the alkylation of sulfonamides and imides, followed by deprotection, to obtain amines.
The alkylation of ammonia is often an unselective and inefficient route to amines.