Earthquake Essay for Students and Children
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Answer:
Earthquake is one of the dangerous and life threatening natural disaster which can come anytime and anywhere on the earth. Most of the earthquakes come with minor tremors however larger earthquakes with strong tremors generally begins with slight tremors but soon gets changed into more violent shocks.
Stronger earthquakes generally end up with huge and forced vibrations at long distance from the main point of arousal. It gradually diminishes with reduced aftershocks. The focus of earthquakes becomes the subterranean point where it originates. Magnitude and intensity of the earthquake can be measured with the help of variety of scales such as Richter scale, moment magnitude scale, modified Mercalli scale, etc.
Earthquake is a life threatening event that responsible for the huge damage to the living and non-living beings. Earlier, it was quite hard to imagine the intensity of the earthquake before its occurrence. However, now-a-days, it has become easy to estimate the magnitude and intensity of earthquake because of the instrumental advancement in the world.
People, in the ancient time, believed that earthquake occurs as mother earth was angry with them. It was Aristotle (a great Greek philosopher) who relate the occurrence of earthquake to some physical factors. According to him, the compression of air within the arch escapes cause shakes of some part of the earth surface and called as volcanic activity.
Answer:
Explanation:
Types of Earthquake
Tectonic Earthquake: The Earth’s crust comprises of the slab of rocks of uneven shapes. These slab of rocks are tectonic plates. Furthermore, there is energy stored here. This energy causes tectonic plates to push away from each other or towards each other. As time passes, the energy and movement build up pressure between two plates.
Therefore, this enormous pressure causes the fault line to form. Also, the center point of this disturbance is the focus of the Earthquake. Consequently, waves of energy travel from focus to the surface. This results in shaking of the surface.
Volcanic Earthquake: This Earthquake is related to volcanic activity. Above all, the magnitude of such Earthquakes is weak. These Earthquakes are of two types. The first type is Volcano-tectonic earthquake. Here tremors occur due to injection or withdrawal of Magma. In contrast, the second type is Long-period earthquake. Here Earthquake occurs due to the pressure changes among the Earth’s layers.
Collapse Earthquake: These Earthquakes occur in the caverns and mines. Furthermore, these Earthquakes are of weak magnitude. Undergrounds blasts are probably the cause of collapsing of mines. Above all, this collapsing of mines causes seismic waves. Consequently, these seismic waves cause an Earthquake.
Explosive Earthquake: These Earthquakes almost always occur due to the testing of nuclear weapons. When a nuclear weapon detonates, a big blast occurs. This results in the release of a huge amount of energy. This probably results in Earthquakes.
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Effects of Earthquakes
First of all, the shaking of the ground is the most notable effect of the Earthquake. Furthermore, ground rupture also occurs along with shaking. This results in severe damage to infrastructure facilities. The severity of the Earthquake depends upon the magnitude and distance from the epicenter. Also, the local geographical conditions play a role in determining the severity. Ground rupture refers to the visible breaking of the Earth’s surface.
Another significant effect of Earthquake is landslides. Landslides occur due to slope instability. This slope instability happens because of Earthquake.
Earthquakes can cause soil liquefaction. This happens when water-saturated granular material loses its strength. Therefore, it transforms from solid to a liquid. Consequently, rigid structures sink into the liquefied deposits.
Earthquakes can result in fires. This happens because Earthquake damages the electric power and gas lines. Above all, it becomes extremely difficult to stop a fire once it begins.
Earthquakes can also create the infamous Tsunamis. Tsunamis are long-wavelength sea waves. These sea waves are caused by the sudden or abrupt movement of large volumes of water. This is because of an Earthquake in the ocean. Above all, Tsunamis can travel at a speed of 600-800 kilometers per hour. These tsunamis can cause massive destruction when they hit the sea coast.
In conclusion, an Earthquake is a great and terrifying phenomenon of Earth. It shows the frailty of humans against nature. It is a tremendous occurrence that certainly shocks everyone. Above all, Earthquake lasts only for a few seconds but can cause unimaginable damage.