eassay about green lungs
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Forests all over the world are vanishing at an alarming rate. As the green lungs of Mother Earth, they are vital to our health and survival. The year 2011 was proclaimed by the United Nations as the "International Year of the Forest". Its aim was to promote awareness and knowledge about the conservation and sustainable development of all types of forests for the benefit of the present and future generations.
Forests are diverse. As a result of factors such as climate, soil conditions and forest history, different forest types have emerged, such as evergreens in the tropics, rainforests in warm temperate zones, and coniferous forests of the northern forest belt. They are the most species-rich habitats of all: of the approximately 1.8 million animals and plant species on Earth, two thirds of them live in the forest. The country with the most forestland is Russia, where a quarter of all forests on earth can be found.
Just 20 years ago, one third of the land was covered by forests. Today the number has dropped to only a quarter, which is about 3.9 billion hectares. While the number of trees in Europe is increasing, it is falling in the southern hemisphere where 12 to 15 million hectares of forest are lost every year due to fires or deforestation. This loss of forests threatens the economic and ecological basis at local, regional and global levels.
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