eassy on government of india in easy words long eassy (if dont know so please don't send that i dont know)
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A government includes only those officials and persons who are appointed or elected to determine, interpret and carry out the regulations of the state. Thus it has three main organs-the legislative to determine the laws of the state, the executive to carry out these laws and the judiciary to interpret them. The sole purpose of a government is to act as the instrumentality of the state. Its powers and organization are defined by the basic law called ‘constitution’ of the country.
It does not allow unrestricted or uncontrolled associations. It subjects all social groupings to the designs of the state. Usually, questioning of the ideas and practices of the rules is not tlerated. Freedom of expression by the press or individual is denied. Obedience is the supreme law which is enforced by the use of police powers.
Democracy is founded upon the principle of popular sovereignty, i.e., ultimate power resides in the citizens. An Important principle of democracy is that all citizens have equal political privileges which only they can exercise and which they cannot transfer to any other persons.
Another foundational principle is that rule of the majority shall prevail, this majority to be expressed by the citizens either through direct voting or through their elected representatives. A third principle is that citizens can vote the government out of office if it loses their confidence.
Democracy is based upon two basic cultural values of equality and liberty. It has attained a marked popularity in the world, yet it is often criticized for certain defects. The first of these is that the citizens do not fully exercise their rights nor accept their obligations. Voting is a paramount right of the citizens in a democracy, but the citizens do not fully and honestly discharge their obligation to vote.
The percentage of the Indian citizens who fulfill this obligation ranges between 40 to 45 per cent. Moreover, voting is on the basis of caste and extraneous considerations. Election campaigns instead of educating the voters become exercise in praising one’s own side and condemning the other to the extreme. Voting is so quantitatively and qualitatively poor that the whole process of democratic government becomes jeopardized.
Another defect lies in leadership. Democracy can succeed only under able leaders who are neither class conscious nor interest controlled. The leaders in a democracy indulge in unscrupulous activities in order to come into power and remain in power once they have got it. They are often faulty of unethical practices.
As a consequence, democracy attracts only those people who are unscrupulous or have little knowledge for governmental careers. It is a serious defect of democracy that so much of it is in the hands of poorly qualified persons in the art of government. Political leaders in democracy must be of the people and not of any class, peasantry or industrial, rural or urban. They should not be dominated by special interests.
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