Question

Ecology: Definition, Scope,​

Answer 1

The scope of ecology

The solution of a particular ecological problem requires several lines of approach. None of this constitute an end in itself but each one of these makes important contribution in making the picture com­plete.

These various lines of approach towards the ecological problem can be translated as:

(a) Biotic

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(b) Quantitative

(c) Climatic (both physical and chemical)

(d) Taxonomic

(e) Genetic and evolutionary.

Biotic factors are the direct outcome of the various types of activities amongst the animals. A competition for food and shelter always exists amongst the members of a community. This competition de­mands various types of activity amongst the animals.

Quantitative study includes an assessment of the population density in a given area and also an estimation of the number of members present in different communities. Information of this kind is of immense value in solving many problems like food availability and movement within a parti­cular colony.

Climatic factors include both physical and chemical conditions present in a habitat. These factors are ever changing in nature. Physical factors include mainly temperature, light and humidity. Chemical factors include acidity or salinity that are specially present in aquatic habitat. Some animals are so sensitive that a minute climatic change becomes fatal to them. Climatic factors play an important role in the distribution of animals.