effect of second world war?????
Answers
Answer:
After Britain lost in the second world war, its economy was shattered and it diverted most of her resources to rehabilitation rather than maintaining a stronghold over India.
Also, USA emerged as a super power and it sympathized with India's demand for freedom.
Answer:
The destructive and devastating war that took place from 1st September 1939 to 12th September 1945 is known as Second World War. There were great changes that occurred after the war. Some of them are:
1. Heavy Loss of Lives
About 12 million soldiers were killed and 25 million civilians were killed because of hunger, diseases, etc. About 24 million people became injured and handicapped in the battle. The atomic bombs dropped by US in Hiroshima and Nagasaki resulted in 160,000 casualties and destroyed the whole city. As a whole, Second World War was a very bad tragedy to mankind.
2. Loss of Property
The Second World War destroyed huge amount of properties. It was estimated that 1000 billion dollars was spent in the war. America alone had spent 350 billion dollars. The war had completely or partially destroyed buildings, roads, infrastructures, warships, and fighter planes.
3. Division of World Into Two Blocks and Beginning of the Cold War
The Second World War resulted the division of world into two blocks: capitalist and communist. The capitalist block was led by the USA whereas the communist block was led by Russia. They started criticizing each other and resulted the cold war. During the period of cold war, nuclear weapons were made which can cause heavy destruction in a very short time.
4. Wave of Democratic Changes in the World
Most of the countries got freedom and democracy after the second world war. Imperialism was ended. People of many countries became aware against the undemocratic system and fought for democracy and independence.
5. End of Colonialism
The imperialist countries became very weak after the second world war. National movements against colonialism started in Asia and Africa due to which countries like India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Egypt got independence from British Empire. Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos got freedom from French empire.
6. Truman's Declaration of Faith
After the second world war, Harry Truman, the then president of USA declared to support war victim countries of Europe economically so as to stop the influence of communism. This declaration is called Truman's declaration.
7. The Marshall Plan
After the Second world war, when Truman's declaration was done, George Marshall, the US foreign minister made a plan to support war victim countries. This plan is known as Marshall Plan as it was planned by George Marshall. About 12.5 billion dollars was spent by US to reconstruct the European countries destroyed from the Second World War. More than 17 countries were reconstructed in terms of food stuff, agriculture, transportation, etc.
8. The Molotov Plan (COMECON)
After the Second World War, the USSR had established the Council Of Mutual Assistance to provide the economic assistance to the European countries in 1949. This plan was proposed by Molotov, the foreign minister of USSR. The main objective of this plan was to support the European countries and to develop their trade and commerce.
9. Establishment of United Nations Organization (UNO)
After one month of the end of the war, United Nations was established on 24th October 1945. The League of Nations was established to prevent the world from war but it was unsuccessful. So, 4 years after the Atlantic Charter was signed by Franklin D Roosevelt and Winston Churchill, UN was established. The main objective of this organization is to maintain world peace and prevent the world from wars and terrible destruction.
Impact of Second World War in Nepal
Nepal got both positive and negative impact from the Second World War. Nepal also got changes in politics, economic and social status.
Nepalese soldiers were awarded world famous awards like 'Victoria Cross' and 'Military Cross' for fighting bravely from the side of British.
Nepal was able to earn both name and fame for her honesty, bravery and loyalty.
Due to the recruitment of Nepalese in British army, it became a source of economy for many Nepalese youths.
Nepalese people got awareness against imperialism, autocratic rule which helped in the establishment of democracy in Nepal.
Nepal was given economic aid by the British government as she promised the payment of 1 million rupees to Nepal every year.
Negative Impacts of Second World War
Nepal was badly affected from the Second World War. Juddha Shumsher had sent 250,000 Nepali soldiers to fight from British side. Among them, 7544 were killed or disappeared, 23,655 were badly injured. Nepal used to export copper in huge amount to Europe. But after the war, the European countries themselves started to explore mineral resources.