Effects of Water Pollution
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Explanation:
Effects of Pollution of Water
Diseases: In humans, drinking or consuming polluted water in any way has many disastrous effects on our health. It causes typhoid, cholera, hepatitis and various other diseases.
Destruction of Ecosystems: Ecosystems are extremely dynamic and respond to even small changes in the environment. Water pollution can cause an entire ecosystem to collapse if left unchecked.
Eutrophication: Chemicals in a water body, encourage the growth of algae. These algae form a layer on top of the pond or lake. Bacteria feed on this algae and this decreases the amount of oxygen in the water body, severely affecting the aquatic life there.
Effects the food chain: Disruption in food chains happens when toxins and pollutants in the water are consumed by aquatic animals (fish, shellfish etc) which are then consumed by humans.
The main effects of water pollution are listed below.
➵The waste water discharged from industries contains metal compounds and other chemicals. This water is toxic for aquatic animals and humans. The metals get stored in fishes and they are passed on to the human beings who eat these fish. In some cases, it proves to be fatal.
➵Rapid growth of algae takes place in water bodies in the presence of nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus which are washed down by rainwater into them. This is called algal bloom. Ordinarily, their presence is good for water bodies because algae produce oxygen by photosynthesis. But this is true only when algae is not present in large amounts. When there is algal bloom, it covers the whole water surface. This is called eutrophication.
Additional informatioN
Although 75% of the Earth's surface is covered with water, a mere 0.01% of this voter is available for human consumption. This is because the water present in ocean and seas is salty and hence unfit for drinking in addition most of the fresh water is frozen in the glaciers and polar ice caps and is, therefore, not accessible.