Question

Elctronic confurigation on the base of KLMN amd SPDF

Answer 1

What is the difference between KLMN shells and s, p, d, f, orbitals?

In and , an electron shell, or a principal energy level, may be thought of as an followed by around an 's . The closest shell to the nucleus is called the

"1 shell" (also called "K shell"),

followed by the "2 shell" (or "L shell"),

then the "3 shell" (or "M shell"),

and so on farther and farther from the nucleus. The shells correspond with the (n = 1, 2, 3, 4 ...) or are labeled alphabetically with letters used in the (K, L, M, …).

Each shell can contain only a fixed number of electrons:

The first shell can hold up to two electrons,

the second shell can hold up to eight (2 + 6) electrons,

the third shell can hold up to 18 (2 + 6 + 10) and so on.

The general formula is that the nth shell can in principle hold up to 2( ^) electrons.

The electrons in the outermost occupied shell (or shells) determine the chemical properties of the atom; it is called the valence shell.

The s,p,d,f, notations are for orbitals of electrons and depend on l-values

where l= orbital angular momentum

A n th shell can have subshells having l = 0,1,2…(n- 1)

l=o is called s orbital

l=1 is …p -orbital

l=2 is …..d-orbital

the 2.n^2 electrons are subdivided in these orbitals.

for example

For N th shell- the principal quantum no. n= 4

the total no. of electron can be= 2. 4^2 = 32

then l= 0, 1, 2, 3 only

s, p, d, f subshells or orbitals

and they can have (2.l +1) no. of electrons

s state - max. 2 electrons - they obey pauli exclusion principal

p-state - 6 electrons

d- state- 10 electrons

f -state - 14 electrons