electoral politics chapter 4 extra question
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Explanation:
short answer:-
Question 1.
What details are required from the candidates who wish to contest elections?
Answer:
The candidates who wish to contest elections have to make a legal declaration, giving full details of:
Severe criminal cases are pending against the candidate.
Details of the assets and liabilities of the candidate and his or her family.
Education qualifications of the candidate.
Question 2.
What are the two merits of electoral competition?
Answer:
Two merits of electoral competition are:
Political leaders all over the world, like all other professionals, are motivated by a desire to advance their political careers.
They want to come into power and retain positions for themselves. So they do their best to win the hearts of people. :
Question 3.
What are the choices generally a voter can make in an election?
Answer:
In an election, the voters make the following choices:
They can choose who will make laws for them.
They can choose who will form the government and take major decisions.
They can choose the party whose policies will guide the government and law-making process.
Question 4.
“Election campaigns are needed to regulate”. Why?
Answer:
It is sometimes necessary to regulate campaigns to ensure that every political party and candidate gets a fair and equal chance to compete.
According to our election law, no party or candidate can:
Bribe or threaten voters.
Appeal to them in the name of caste or religion.
Use government resources for election campaigns.
Spend more than? 25 lakh in a constituency for a Lok Sabha election or? 10 lakh in a constituency in an assembly election.
Question 5.
What are the demerits of an election competition?
Answer:
Electoral competition has many demerits such as.
It creates a sense of disunity and ‘factionalism’ in every locality.
Different political parties and leaders often level allegations against one another.
Parties and candidates often use dirty tricks to win elections.
Question 6.
Why is there a provision for the reservation of seats in the legislature?
Answer:
The constitution makers were worried that in an open electoral competition, certain weaker sections may not stand a good chance to get elected to the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies. They may not have the required resources, education, and contacts to contest and win elections against the more influential and resourceful contestants. Hence, the seats are reserved for them in the legislature.
Question 7.
How can you say that elections are expensive in our country?
Answer:
A large amount of money is spent on conducting elections in India. For instance, the government spent about? 3,500 crores in conducting Lok Sabha elections in 2014. That works out to be about? 40 per person on the voters’ list. The amount spent by the parties and candidates was more than what the government paid. It is often said that elections are a burden on people. Our poor country cannot afford to hold elections once every five years.
Question 8.
What are some of the activities undertaken by political parties to carry out elections? Mention any three activities.
Answer:
Firstly, in election campaigns, political parties try to focus public attention on some big issues. For instance, the Congress party led by Indira Gandhi gave the slogan of “Garibi Hatao” (remove poverty) in the Lok Sabha elections of 1971. “Save Democracy” was the slogan given by the Janata Party in the Lok Sabha election of 1977.
Secondly, political leaders contact their voters, address election meetings, and promise to remove the grievances of the people.
Thirdly, support of media – TV channels and newspaper columns – is also taken by the political parties to further their cause to gather more votes.