Question

electron affinity of nitrogen is almost zero while that of fluorine is very high​

Answer 1

Answer:

A few important aspects about the sign used to express electron affinities.

Electron affinity is directly related to change in energy by the equation

E

.

A

.

=

−

Δ

E

This means that if energy is released when an atom is added to the atom, i.e.  

Δ

E

is negative, the electron affinity will be positive.

Likewise, if energy is required to add an electron to an atom, i.e.  

Δ

E

is positive, then electron affinity will be negative.

Explanation:

Answer 2

Electron affinity of nitrogen is almost zero because it has stable half-filled p-orbital while that of fluorine is very high​ due to incompletely filled p-orbital.

Explanation:

When an electron is added to a neutral atom to convert it into a negative ion then the amount of change taking place in its energy is known as electron affinity.

Electronic configuration of nitrogen is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{3}$ and electronic configuration of fluorine is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{5}$. Since, nitrogen atom has half-filled p-orbital which is stable in nature.

Therefore, nitrogen will not easily accept an electron. Hence, its electron affinity is almost zero. On the other hand, to attain stability fluorine atom will readily accept an electron. Hence, fluorine will have high electron affinity.

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