Elements of group- 15 form compounds in +5 oxidation state. However, bismuth forms only one well characterised compound in +5 oxidation state. The compound is
(a) Bi₂O₅
(b) BiF₅
(c) BiCl₅
(d) Bi₂S₅
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Due to Inert Pair Effect , Bi prefers to be in +3 oxidation state than +5. However BiF5 exists and here Bi has +5 oxidation state.
The first reason is due to small size of F, there is very less steric hindrance about Bi.
The second reason is that Fluorine being the most electronegative element and the best oxidising agent, the +5 charge on Bi is a bit stable in presence of fluorine around it.
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