Elementsof state according to aristotle
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Aristotle’s theory of origin of state, its nature and the end rests on several premises. Firstly, the origin of state depends on the triangular nature of the human soul. From this theory, he inferred that man is both rational and irrational and it is his purpose to follow the former in preference to the latter. This is in turn related to the theory of causes—the final cause being the end of the essential form, which a thing attains.
The second premise is Aristotle’s theory of happiness, which he calls the quality of the soul that could be achieved only in the State. Thirdly, Aristotle never believed in any need to distinguish between the state and the society. According to him, these two institutions are indistinguishable and complementary to each other.
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Fourthly, the state is not merely the convenient machinery that raises a man above his animal wants and sets him free to follow his own lights; it is itself his end or at least a part of it. State is not merely an instrument through which the individual can achieve specific form of human goodness within the compass of his earthly life, but it is the final form which man could attain.
The state, in fact, is mere aggregate of individuals. It is not based on an artificial device. It is not a contract. It is natural, in other words, inherent in man’s nature, that is, reason and reason expressed through language. Language, in turn, is a medium of communication.
Thus, man is gregarious in nature. He is born in a society, and it is only here that he ever survives. Society is also natural because it is the consummation of mans highest nature. If there is greater cooperation between the state and the individuals, and they are mutually complementary to each other, then the freedom of individual is in tandem with the law of the region, law is an instrument of self-realization, the standard of justice.
Aristotle believed that through state and the laws, man attains his highest virtue and perfection and becomes a citizen, has a specific virtue and becomes an aristocrat capable of sharing in public activity and performing public duties.
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The end of the state according to Aristotle includes, aim at all lesser ends, the family or the village. These two are too small to provide a man with everything he needs for a good life. This is the royal gateway of excellence.
The second premise is Aristotle’s theory of happiness, which he calls the quality of the soul that could be achieved only in the State. Thirdly, Aristotle never believed in any need to distinguish between the state and the society. According to him, these two institutions are indistinguishable and complementary to each other.
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Fourthly, the state is not merely the convenient machinery that raises a man above his animal wants and sets him free to follow his own lights; it is itself his end or at least a part of it. State is not merely an instrument through which the individual can achieve specific form of human goodness within the compass of his earthly life, but it is the final form which man could attain.
The state, in fact, is mere aggregate of individuals. It is not based on an artificial device. It is not a contract. It is natural, in other words, inherent in man’s nature, that is, reason and reason expressed through language. Language, in turn, is a medium of communication.
Thus, man is gregarious in nature. He is born in a society, and it is only here that he ever survives. Society is also natural because it is the consummation of mans highest nature. If there is greater cooperation between the state and the individuals, and they are mutually complementary to each other, then the freedom of individual is in tandem with the law of the region, law is an instrument of self-realization, the standard of justice.
Aristotle believed that through state and the laws, man attains his highest virtue and perfection and becomes a citizen, has a specific virtue and becomes an aristocrat capable of sharing in public activity and performing public duties.
ADVERTISEMENTS:
The end of the state according to Aristotle includes, aim at all lesser ends, the family or the village. These two are too small to provide a man with everything he needs for a good life. This is the royal gateway of excellence.
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