Question

Elucidate the difference between the political party And party system? what are the challenges the party system facing today?

Answer 1

A political party is a group that have some unifying principles that bring them together. A party system is how political parties interface to get candidates elected.

A few recent important political happenings have revealed that the party system, which is the mainstay of any parliamentary competitive electoral democracy, is facing a serious internal crisis and that the style of management of inner party challenges has given the impression of either adhocism or crude party bossism.

There is merit in the argument that Indians should be concerned about the deterioration of the health of political parties.

A party system in a democracy based on a written constitution should have a constitutional and institutional mechanism of admitting and kicking out its dissenting members.

Every ‘regional party’ whether religion-based or culture-based or caste-based are all based on the principle of a leadership which is authoritarian because all regional parties are personality-based outfits. It is the writ of the leader which runs in the party.

Supreme leader-based party system has shown its utter incapacity to take important public decisions and the result is that party pronouncements and announcements have lost any public credibility.

India is ruled by authoritarian party bosses and coteries of political favourites. Indian democracy is threatened because the completely undemocratic party system cannot be expected to practice democracy in governance.

Answer 2

Political party & Party system

Explanation:

• A party system according to "political science" concerns the govt system by "political parties" in a "democratic country". The theory is that political parties have "basic similarities": they have a policy mandate, have a strong mass support base and establish internal management structures for funding, information & nominations.There are different types of party systems such as single party system, multiparty system, two party system, non-partisan system, and dominant party system.
• A Political Party is an integrated group of people who, in an effort to get them elected, thereby enact the party platform, share the same ideology or otherwise hold identical political positions. These are an integral part of parliamentary democracy. A political party is part of party system. There are many main political parties in several countries, like Germany and India, and there are one-party regimes in some nations, including China and Cuba. The US remains a two-party government in reality, however still has several minor parties.

The various challenges faced by party system are

1. Lack of Internal democracy: Each party member has little opportunity to participate in the decision-making process. Before making a decision, every Participant is not consulted. No proper association or membership registry is available. The power lies with  a few top leaders who may not involve ordinary members. Ordinary members may  have no knowledge about the Party's internal workings.
2. Dynastic Succession: All party positions go to members of their families with influence in the hands of a few political officials. Such leaders may not be qualified, eligible to hold their jobs/positions or to be competent.
3. Money and Muscle Power: Money is required to organize demonstrations, speeches & public meetings to publicize the party's image. Parties select those candidates who have the ability to raise money for the party & win elections "with their money". At times parties can support criminals candidates since they can easily win elections.
4. Meaningful Choice to Others: Most of the "political parties" have the same "ideological &  fundamental"  issues. "Voters" do not have a "meaningful choice". Even "leaders" keep "changing parties", thereby "confusing" the voter.

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